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Research Paper Pg. -

📋 Abstract

Abstract: Aim of this paper is to study the suitability of ceramic tiles waste as fine aggregate in concrete making. The
concrete control specimens were cast using Recycled coarse aggregates and natural River sand as fine aggregates.
Then the river sand was replaced with Ceramic waste in 15, 30, 45, 60 and 100 percentages. The Cubes, Cylinders and
Prisms were cast and tested to ultimate load to know the ultimate Compressive strength, Ultimate Split Tensile strength
and Ultimate flexural strength. It was observed from the experimental results that ceramic waste can be used for in
concrete making.

Research Paper Pg. -

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Abstract: One of the major challenges of our present society is the protection of the environment. Some of the
important elements which protects environments is less consumption of energy, retention of natural raw resources and
usage of the industrial by products. Keeping in view of usage of waste materials now a day’s considerable attention is
given to development sustainable concrete. In this study the sustainable concrete is developed with the usage of
recycled coarse aggregates. And the suitability of recycled aggregate is verified with cementitious materials ggbs and
flyash. A suitable experimentation was carried to check application of recycled coarse aggregate in varied proportion
in combination, with 40% of GGBS, 25% Class F flyash and 35% Cement. On observation of test results it is found
that the recycled coarse aggregate can be used in production of sustainable concrete.

Research Paper Pg. -

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Abstract: This paper contains the behavior of Hybrid Fiber reinforced concrete with the partial replacement of
natural coarse aggregate with recycled coarse aggregate and cement with fly ash. Application of recycled materials in
the building industry is essential for permanently sustainable development. Concrete is good in compression and weak
in tension. Low tensile strength and the poor resistance to cracking of the concrete lead to severe effect in its
properties. Introduction of fibers into concrete will increase its tensile strength and resistance to cracking.
Polypropylene fiber and glass fibers are chemically inorganic. Because of increase in coal based thermal power plants
there is an increment in the production of fly ash which is a waste material. If fly ash is not disposed properly it will
be hazardous. As a solution it is used in the concrete as a partial replacement of cement. This replacement reduces the
environmental pollution and improves the mechanical properties of concrete. This paper is focused on the
experimental program aimed at verifying selected material properties of Hybrid fiber reinforced concrete in which all
of the natural coarse aggregates are partially replaced by recycled aggregates and cement is partially replaced by fly
ash. The combination of recycled waste, fibers and binder creates an unusual fiber reinforced concrete which is a new
composite. In this study the percentages of recycled aggregate (25%), fly ash (20%) and polypropylene fibers (0.6%)
are fixed as per previous literatures. And with this combination, different percentages (0%, 0.2%, 0.4%, 0.6%, 0.8%
and 1.0%) of glass fibers are used to know the mechanical properties like compressive strength, split tensile strength
and flexural strength of the Hybrid fibre reinforced concrete. The optimum dosage of the glass fibres with 0.6%
polypropylene fibres is found at 0.6%.

Research Paper Pg. -

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Abstract: An experimental study on behaviour of concrete by partial replacement of cement using GGBS in addition
with hybrid fibres to enhance the engineering properties such as compressive strength, splitting tensile strength and
flexural strength of normal concrete (NC) and Hybrid Fibre Reinforced Concrete (HFRC) with partial replacement of
GGBS in cement have been obtained from standard tests and compared. Alkali resistive Glass fibre (GF) and
polypropylene fibre (PF) were utilized as chemically inorganic strength inhibitors. Glass fibres are acquired from
molten glass of a specific composition. The replacement of cement with Ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS)
in hybrid fibre reinforced concrete decreases ecological contamination and improves the mechanical properties of
concrete. In this study different percentages (0%, 0.2%, 0.4%, 0.6%, 0.8% and 1.00%) of glass and polypropylene
fibres collectively act as a hybrid fibre with different percentages of GGBS (0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% and 50%) are
used to know their effect on the hybrid fibre reinforced concrete. Samples cast for testing are cubes, cylinders and
prisms. It is observed that at 1.4% (0.6% polypropylene and 0.8% glass fibres) addition of fibres and up to 20%
substitution of GGBS as the binder can improve the properties of concrete. Using of hybrid fibres and GGBS
improved all the three mechanical properties of concrete like compressive strength, split tensile strength and flexural
strength of concrete.

Research Paper Pg. -

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Abstract: This study intends to examine the stress strain behaviour of hybrid fibre reinforced concrete (HFRC) in
which cement is partially replaced with flyash. Fly ash based concrete is an environment friendly alternative to
conventional concrete made from alkali activated aluminosilicate and aggregate. The variables considered in this
study are volume fractions of glass and polypropylene fibres and percentages of cement replacement with flyash. The
tests were carried out on cube and cylindrical specimens for different fibre volume fractions of glass and
polypropylene (0%, 0.2%, 0.4%, 0.6%, 0.8%, 1%) and flyash (0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%) percentages. This paper
presents the results of tests in compressive strength, split tensile strength and stress strain behaviour of HFRC. The
optimum dosage of fibre content is found to be 1.4% (0.6% polypropylene + 0.8% glass fibres).At 20% replacement of
cement with flyash the strength of concrete is gradually increased.

Research Paper Pg. -

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Abstract: The objective of this research is to determine the mechanical properties of the waste-plastic-banner-fiber
reinforced concrete: compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, rupture modulus and modulus of elasticity.
Concrete mixtures with different proportions of waste plastic banner fiber were produced and tested: 0%, 0.25%,
0.5%, 1.0%, 2.0% of waste plastic banner fiber. The tests showed that the addition of fiber splitting tensile strength by
14.28% and produce the modulus of elasticity y 0.5% from the total concrete volume will increase the s as high as
23,025 MPa (up to 12% from the normal mix) and yield the concrete compressive strength of 35.56 MPa (up to 4.95%
of the normal mixture). The rupture modulus will increase by 4.11% as the addition of 0.25% of waste plastic banner
fiber.

Research Paper Pg. -

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Abstract: To address sustainable issues in construction, researchers and construction firms are focusing upon
utilizing recycled construction material. This present investigation is based on the use of recycled coarse aggregates
in reinforced concrete beams. Recycled Coarse Aggregate was replaced by 0%, 50% and 100% of Natural Coarse
Aggregates. Shear behavior of reinforced concrete beams were studied by varying longitudinal reinforcement ratios
ranging from 1.0 to 4.0. Load carrying capacities of the beams were observed by plotting the load deflection curves.

Research Paper Pg. -

📋 Abstract

Abstract: To address sustainable issues in construction, researchers and construction firms are focussing upon
utilizing recycled construction material. This present investigation is based on the use of recycled coarse aggregates
in reinforced concrete beams. Recycled Coarse Aggregate was replaced by 0%, 50% and 100% of natural coarse
aggregates. Shear behaviour of reinforced concrete beams were studied by varying shear span to depth ratios
ranging from 1.0 to 4.0. Load carrying capacities of the beams were observed by plotting the load deflection curves.

Research Paper Pg. -

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Abstract: To aid the resistances like mechanical, pure adhesive, frictional in ensuring bond between rebar and
concrete, development length is provided for rebars.This paper examines the bond strength through Pull-out test of
hypo sludge concrete with non-polluted, half-polluted, polluted rebars. This paper also helps to select the optimum
dosage of hypo sludge in replacement of cement for preparing low cost concrete. In this paper compressive strength of
concrete is determined with the different percentages (0% - 30%) hypo sludge in replacement of cement. And it is also
observed from the study that at 20% hypo sludge replacement in cement gave the good compressive strength for the
designed concrete. The bond strength between hypo sludge concrete and non-polluted/half-polluted/full-pollutedrebar
are compared. At 20% replacement of hypo sludge in cement showing good results of bond strength between hypo
sludge concrete and rebar.

Research Paper Pg. -

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Abstract: In this experimental study, the graphene concrete on ordinary portland cement paste are investigated. The
project presents the results of an investigation on strength properties of graphene concrete. The graphene is added to
the cement as a partial replacement in four mix proportions (0%, 0.1%, 0.3% and 0.5%) to the concrete and tested
for 7 and 28 days. The maximum strength attained at 0.5% of graphene. By the test results we observed that the
addition of graphene content may enhance the strength properties of concrete.

Research Paper Pg. -

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Abstract: Graphene is a new construction material which is added into the concrete as a partial replacement of
cement. This paper presents the study on the mechanical properties such as compressive strength, split tensile
strength, and flexural strength of graphene concrete. Specimens were cast with graphene with partial replacement
such as 0%, 0.1%, 0.3%, and 0.5%, by weight of cement using a water-cement ratio of 0.5. Tests were performed at the
age of 7, 14 and 28 days for compressive strength, split tensile strength, and at the age of 28 days flexural strength
were tested. For flexural strength two point loading test were applied. Test results concluded that on increasing
graphene content strength parameters also increasing.

Research Paper Pg. -

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Abstract: Ordinary Portland cement (OPC) is one the main materials used in casting reinforced concrete (RC)
structures. However, it causes the emission of a significant amount of CO2 to the atmosphere and therefore
contributes widely to the formation of the greenhouse effect. The increasing use of such OPC materials in
construction projects had led to the initiation of global environmental warming. The utilization of industrial byproduct in construction sector could become an important route for large-scale safe disposal of the industrial wastes
and reduction of construction cost. Ground Granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) is a by-product of the steel industry
which can be partially replaced with cement to reduce significantly many of the environmental burdens associated
with concrete. Polypropylene fibers tend to hold the concrete mix together. This slows the settlement of coarse
aggregate and thus reduces the rate of bleeding. This paper presents, the flexure and cracking behavior of RC beams
by partial replacement of cement with GGBS of 0%, 50% and 70%. Addition of polypropylene fibers decreases the unit
weight of concrete and increases its strength. 0.5% of polypropylene is added to cement. Experimental investigation
included testing of six reinforced concrete beams with and without GGBS. Portland cement is replaced with 50% and
70% GGBS. In this paper, the results of laboratory investigation conducted on the structural behavior of reinforced
concrete beam with various replacement levels of GGBS are presented. In addition, the concrete compressive and
tensile strength of the different mixes were evaluated at 7, 28 and 56 days. All the beam specimen were tested on the
two point loading. Data presented include the load-deflection characteristics, cracking behavior of the reinforced
concrete beams with and without GGBS when tested at 28 and 56 days. The investigation revealed that the
compressive and split tensile strength decreases by increasing of GGBS percentage, but increases with age. The
ultimate loading capacity of the beam specimens with 50% and 70% GGBS replacement are higher than that of the
without GGBS specimen by 2% and 3% respectively.

Research Paper Pg. -

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Abstract: This paper presents the effect of magnetic structured water on the properties of magnetic water
concrete of M25 grade. Cubes of standard size 150mmx150mmx150mm and cylinders of diameter 150mm and height
300mm were cast with magnetic structured water subjected to constant magnetic fields (viz., 0.2T, 0.4T, 0.6T) for 24
hours and 12 hours and cured with potable water, magnetic structured water and also under constant magnetic field.
The workability, compressive strength and split tensile strength were determined and compared with conventional
concrete. It was found that the compressive strength of cubes cast with 0.6T magnetic water subjected to 24 hours of
magnetic field and cured under constant magnetic field of intensity at 0.6T was found to be 58.36 MPa; which was
2.86% higher than the highest compressive strength (56.68MPa) of cubes cast with 0.6T magnetic structured water
subjected to 24 hours of magnetic field and cured with magnetic structured water of intensity 0.6T. Which is again
13.7% higher than the compressive strength (50.356MPa) of cubes cast with 0.6T magnetic structured water subjected
to 24 hours of magnetic field and cured with potable water. Which is again 31.45% higher than the compressive
strength (40MPa) of conventional concrete. Whereas the split tensile strength of cylinders cubes cast with 0.6T
magnetic water subjected to 24 hours of magnetic field and cured under constant magnetic field of intensity at 0.6T
was found to be 8.001MPa which was 3% higher than the highest split tensile strength (7.77Mpa) of cylinders cast
with 0.6T magnetic structured water subjected to 24 hours of magnetic field and cured with magnetic structured water
of intensity 0.6T. Which is again 9.7% higher than the split tensile strength (7.22MPa) of cylinders cast with 0.6T
magnetic structured water subjected to 24 hours of magnetic field and cured with potable water. Which is again 37.5%
higher than the split tensile strength (5MPa) of conventional concrete.

Research Paper Pg. -

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Abstract: This research presents the experimental investigation on the behavior of polypropylene fiber reinforced concrete with modified structured water. Here, the effect of modified structured water (i.e., Magnetic
structured water) of different magnetic field strengths on the properties of fresh and hardened polypropylene
fiber reinforced concrete is studied. Also, the effect of magnetic structured water on Magnetic Water Concrete in
curing and comparison of those results with conventional concrete in immersion curing and curing with magnetic
water is studied. The concrete specimens (cubes, cylinders and beams) of standard sizes were cast with polypropylene fiber of varying percentages (0%, 0.2%, 0.4%, 0.6%, 0.8% and 1%), and magnetic structured water of
varying magnetic field intensities (0.2T, 0.4T and 0.6T). Compressive strength, Split Tensile strength and Flexural strengths are determined on M25 and M30 grades of concrete. It was found that the optimum compressive
strength of cubes cast with M25 and M30 grades of concrete with 0.4% of polypropylene fiber and cured with
0.6T magnetic field intensity was found to be 47.95MPa and 49.5MPa respectively for cubes cast and cured with
magnetic structured water. It is 2.99% and 5.05% greater than cubes cast with magnetic water and cured with
potable water (at 0.4% addition of polypropylene fiber reinforced concrete and 0.6T magnetic structured water)
and 16% and 17% greater than cubes cast and cured with potable water (at 0.8% addition of polypropylene fiber
and 0.6T magnetic structured water) for M25 and M30 grades of concrete respectively. At 1.0% addition of polypropylene fiber and 0.6T magnetic structured water gave an optimum split tensile strength of 5.34MPa and
5.45MPa for M25 and M30 grades of concrete respectively in case of cylinders cast and cured with magnetic
structured water. It is 2.8% and 3% greater than cylinders cast with magnetic structured water and cured with
potable water (at 0.4% addition of polypropylene fiber and 0.6T magnetic structured water) and 88% and 84.7%
greater than cylinders cast and cured with potable water (at 0.8% addition of polypropylene fiber and 0.6T magnetic structured water). At 0.4% addition of polypropylene fiber and 0.6T magnetic structured water showed
optimum flexural strength of 4.78MPa and 5.45MPa for M25 and M30 grades of concrete in case of beams cast
and cured with magnetic structured water. It is 6.62% and13% greater than beams cast with magnetic structured water and cured with potable water (at 0.4% addition of polypropylene fiber and 0.6T magnetic structured
water) and 68.9% and 70.7% greater than beams cast and cured with potable water (at 0.8% addition of polypropylene fiber and 0.6T magnetic structured water). Hence for both M25 and M30 grades of concrete, the
strength in case of concrete cast and cured with magnetic structured water is increased compared to the strength
of conventional concrete casting in immersion curing and curing with magnetic water.

Research Paper Pg. -

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Abstract: This experimental investigation shows the effect of magnetic structured water on the strength properties
of magnetic water concrete with addition of polypropylene fibre and comparing the test results with conventional
concrete with and without poly propylene fibres. Cubes and cylinders were cast by using normal water and magnetic
structured water of different intensities (viz; 0.2T, 0.4T, 0.6T) and various percentages of polypropylene fibres (viz 0%,
0.2%, 0.4%, 0.6%, 0.8%, and 1.0%). Compression and split tensile tests were done on cubes and cylinders to obtain the
optimum dosage of fibres. With the combination of fibre with normal water, the maximum compressive strength
40.89Mpa was obtained at 0.8% of fibre. It was found that the maximum compressive strength of 48.28MPa was
obtained with a combination of 0.6%poly propylene fibre and magnetic structure water of intensity 0.6Tesla which is
almost nearer to 50MPa.Whereas the maximum split tensile strength obtained with different combinations of
polypropylene fibre, normal water and magnetic water cylinders were was found to be 2.83MPa was obtained with a
combination of 0.8% polypropylene fibres and potable water. The maximum split tensile strength of 4.41MPa was
obtained with a combination of 0.6%polypropylene fibres and magnetic structured water of intensity 0.6Tesla.

Research Paper Pg. -

📋 Abstract

Abstract: In the present study, the optimum dosage of fibres in Hybrid Fibre Reinforced Concrete (HFRC) and the
compressive strength, split tensile strength, stress strain characteristics and flexural behaviour of Hybrid Fibre
Reinforced Concrete (HFRC) with addition of glass fibre, polypropylene fibre and steel fibre was investigated. Cubes,
Cylinders and beams were cast by adding fibres to cement by volume fraction at various percentages like steel fibre (
0% ,0.4% ,0.8% ,1.2% ,1.6% ) , glass fibres ( 0% ,0.2%, 0.4% ,0.6% ,0.8% ) and polypropylene fibres ( 0% ,0.2%, 0.4%
,0.6% ,0.8% ).Compression and Split tensile tests were done on cubes and cylinders respectively to obtain the optimum
dosage of fibres, stress strain characteristics were found by testing the cylinders and flexural tests were conducted on
beams to determine the flexural behaviour of Hybrid Fibre Reinforced Concrete.

Research Paper Pg. -

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Abstract: This paper presents the effect of magnetic structured water on the properties of different grades of
concrete cast with magnetic water of varying magnetic field strengths (0.2 T, 0.4 T, 0.6 T) exposed to 12 hours, 24
hours of magnetic field. Workability, Compressive Strength, Split Tensile Strength of cubes and cylinders cast with
magnetic structured water and cured in magnetic water are determined and the test results are compared with the
results of normal water concrete. It was found that the workability and strengths of Magnetic Water Concrete (MWC)
are more when compared to those of Normal Water Concrete (NWC). The compressive strengths of M25 and M30
grades of Magnetic Water Concrete cast and cured with magnetic structured water of intensity 0.6T with magnetic
exposure time of 24 hour are found to be 50.89 MPa and 54.77 MPa respectively. They are 4.32% & 3.05%
respectively greater than those for cubes of Magnetic Water Concrete cast, cured with magnetic structured water of
intensity 0.6T with magnetic exposure time of 12 hour; and they are 10.31% & 5.024% respectively greater than those
for cubes of Magnetic Water Concrete cast with magnetic structured water of intensity 0.6T with magnetic exposure
time of 24 hour, cured in normal water; and they are 77.81% & 61.68% respectively greater than those for cubes of
Normal Water Concrete cast and cured with normal water. The split tensile strengths of M25 and M30 grades of
Magnetic Water Concrete cast and cured with magnetic structured water of intensity 0.6T with magnetic exposure
time of 24 hours are found to 8.56 MPa and 8.705 MPa respectively. They are 11.31% & 5.64% respectively greater
than those for cylinders of Magnetic Water Concrete cast, cured with magnetic structured water of intensity 0.6T with
magnetic exposure time of 12 hour; and they are 6.6% & 4.38% respectively greater than those for cylinders of
Magnetic Water Concrete cast with magnetic structured water of intensity 0.6T with magnetic exposure time of 24
hour, cured in normal water; and they are 52.18% & 34.34% respectively greater than those for cylinders of Normal
Water Concrete cast and cured with normal water.

Research Paper Pg. -

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Abstract: Increasing the compressive strength of concrete is an aim which most researchers are looking for, using
various methods like fiber reinforcement in concrete mixture and usage of certain admixtures including super
plasticizers to produce high strength of concrete. The cost of these methods are not comparable with their advantages,
thus most researchers concentrate their attention on producing economical concrete with higher strength using new
philosophies in design methods and through modern techniques.One such technique is using magnetic water (MW) in
concrete. In this technology, by passing water through a magnetic field, some of its properties can change. Usage
ofmagnetized water in concrete mixtures results in development of workability and compressive strength of concrete.
Also, this processed water cause reduction in cement content required for specified compressive strength value.In this
work it is proposed to study the effect of different types of water (Structured and Non Structured) on compressive
strengths of different grades of concrete. The results of tests showed that, concrete made with magnetic water of
intensity 0.6T (24Hrs) (magnetic concrete), has higher compressive strength values than those of Conventional
Concrete cast with Non Structured Water.

Research Paper Pg. -

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Abstract: Self Compacting Concrete is a highly fluid concrete mixture with no segregation and can compact under its
own weight. Looking at the potential of cementitious constituents in fly ash, it can be used as partial replacement of
cement in SCC to achieve self compaction. Reused Aggregate is called as Recycled Coarse Aggregate (RCA) which is
mainly obtained from demolished concrete structures. RCA in Unprocessed and Processed state (500R & 1000R) used
as a partial replacement of Natural Coarse Aggregate (NCA) with varying percentages (0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and
100%). In this experimental investigation, the standard grade of SCC mixes were designed using IS code method and
Nan-Su method. The fresh properties of SCC has been determined using Slump cone, V-Box, L-Box, were compared
for the assessment of the Self-Compactability of concrete for both methods. A number of trial mixes were made using
IS code method and Nan-su method: by changing sizes of coarse aggregate; varying percentages of Flyash; varying
the dosages of Super Plasticizer(SP). It was found that the final mix proportion using Nan-su method shows satisfying
results in terms of fresh properties of SCC compared to IS code method i.e., at 50% partial replacement of NCA with
processed(500R) RCA.

Research Paper Pg. -

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Abstract: Self compacted concrete (SCC) can be defined as a concrete that is able to flow under its own weight and
completely fill the formwork, even in the presence of dense reinforcement without any compaction, while maintaining
the homogeneity of concrete. SCC is also known as super workable concrete. In recent years certain countries have
consider the reutilization of construction and demolition waste as a new construction material has being one of the
main objectives with respect to sustainable construction activities. Currently, recycled coarse aggregate is mainly
being used as a substitute material for natural aggregate. This paper provides an overview on the experimental
investigation on the fresh and hardened properties of self compacting concrete using recycled coarse aggregate in
both processed and unprocessed state, and where the optimum percentage of recycled coarse aggregate required for
better results. In the present experimental investigation M35 grade of concrete was designed based on ‘Nan Su et-al
method’ of mix design. The natural coarse aggregate (NCA) was replaced by recycled coarse aggregate (RCA) at
different percentages such as 0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100%. Various tests were performed on the recycled aggregates
in processed and unprocessed state. The mineral additive used in present study was class-F fly ash. To reduce the
water binder ratio and to increase the flow ability of SCC, poly carboxylic ether based super plasticizer was used. Tests
on SCC such as slump flow test, V-funnel test, L-box test, compressive strength, split tensile strength were carried out.
The fresh properties of SCC in processed state for 500 revolutions have shown better results compared to unprocessed
state. For SCC using processed (500, 1000 revolutions) and unprocessed RCA the optimum value of compressive
strength, split tensile strength value is obtained at 50% replacement of NCA with RCA for 14 and 28 days.

Research Paper Pg. -

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Abstract: Self-compacting concrete (SCC) is a highly flowable type of concrete that spreads into the form without the
need for vibration. SCC is a non-segregating concrete that is placed by means of its own weight. SCC requires
considerably more quantity of fine particle as compared to traditional concrete to achieve self-compactibility. Reused
Aggregate is called as Recycled Coarse Aggregate (RCA) which is mainly obtained by crushing concrete of
demolished concrete structures. In this study, Nan-Su method of mix design is employed to obtain mix-proportions for
SCC and two grades of concrete mixes were used. This study aims to evaluate the impact resistance of SCC by
replacing NCA with different percentages of RCA (25%, 50%, 75%, 100% ) in unprocessed and various processed
states(500R, 1000R, 1500R, 2000R). For mix-A at 75% replacement of RCA and 1000 revolutions, for mix-B at 75%
replacement of RCA and 500 revolutions maximum impact resistance was found.

Research Paper Pg. -

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Abstract: Concrete is a mixture of cement and aggregates which is widely used in construction industry. The
aggregates used for concrete are mostly natural available. The continuous usage of natural resources results in
depletion which entails the requirement of suitable substitute. In the current study, stone dust is used as fine
aggregate and aggregate portion is partially replaced with crumb rubber.The moisture content required for roller
compacted concrete is determined by Soil compaction method. Cylinders were casted with 10%, 15% & 20% cement
content varying with 0% & 1% crumb rubber as a replacement of fine aggregate and coarse aggregate. Compressive
strength was evaluated for 3,7 & 28 days. Test results depict that partial replacement of fine aggregate with crumb
rubber are satisfactory when compared to that of coarse aggregate replacement with crumb rubber.

Research Paper Pg. -

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Abstract: The economic status of a country is better evaluated by the prevailing road connectivity and also by steps
taken to improve it, thus generating sources of income and employment. With the continuous growth in road users,
high quality materials are required to withstand the load on pavements. The non-uniform distribution of soil in
subgrade of pavement makes it weaker and needs to be stabilized in order to attain the strength. The current study
made use of natural enzymes to stabilize the soil, as it is cost effective and eco-friendly. An unconventional bioenzyme calledterrazyme which is a product of degradation of natural waste is used as a soil stabilizer. Index
properties of soil were evaluated to classify the soil and California Bearing Ratio was evaluated for samples with and
without terrazyme. The thickness parameter ws analyzed using CBR and it was found that the load bearing capacity
of soil has improved by 141% at highest dosage of terrazyme.

Research Paper Pg. -

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Abstract: The increasing demands to recede the amount of CO2 liberation from construction industries or fields has
led to the development of various cementitious materials. These materials were incorporated in concrete making it
inexpensive and eco-friendly without compromising on the mechanical properties of the concrete. Sodium Bentonite,
a mineral admixture of this sort, is used as a replacement by weight of cement in designing a roller compacted
concrete pavement. Soil compaction method is used to determine the optimum moisture content of various mix
proportions. Cylinders were cast with cement percentages 10%, 15% and 20% varying with bentonite percentages of
0% and1% by using roller compaction. Compressive strength is evaluated for 3, 7 and 28 days. Test results stated that
15% of cement had achieved significant compressive strength for the conventional mix at 28 days. Though 20% of
cement with 1% of bentonite and 15% of cement with 1% of bentonite has achieved significant strengths, 15% of
cement with 1% of bentonite is considered as optimum mix proportion because of the rheology of this mix closer to a
roller compacted concrete pavement.

Research Paper Pg. -

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Abstract: Corrosion has been recognized as a major deterioration phenomenon which leads to the structural concrete
degradation due to environmental actions. Numerous researchers had turned their focus to this area and developed
various techniques and analysis models over the time. Focusing on the same area, this paper discusses the effect of
corrosion on ARP deformed steel bar, bond stress, bond stress vs slip relation based on 16 prism specimens(400 x 150
x100)mm tested in universal testing machine. Out of 16 specimens, 8 specimens were casted with ARP bars and 8 with
conventional bars. 4 prism specimens were provided with two embedment length (100mm) and (300mm) in addition to
two different bar diameter (12mm), and (16mm). Prior to testing 8 specimens were kept in alkaline solution of 5%
Nacl for 5 days. Bond slip relation is obtained experimentally and compared with the theoretical models found in
literature.

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Abstract: This paper presents an experimental investigation on the effect of the thickness of steel sheets in steel
encased concrete structures. This experiment includes two steel encased concrete beams of size 0.3 x 0.3 x 1.2 m
with a thickness of 4mm and 2mm steel sheets. They are designed for a shear failure at 50kN without any
compression and tension reinforcement which are tested under two point loading on 100 tones loading frame till
their failure. Failure of encased beams is primarily due to bond slip failure between steel and concrete, which
leads to the yielding of steel where failure occurs. In this study both beams failed at the interface at a similar
load, where beam-2 failed at more strength when compared to beam-1.

Research Paper Pg. -

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Abstract: Concrete without using cement as binder has been the topic of interest for the present day researchers as
cement production is proved to be not environment friendly due to release of lot of carbon dioxide into the
atmosphere. Nearly one ton of cement production releases one tonne of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.
Researchers have made attempts to use industrial waste products like fly ash, silica fume, ground granulated blast
furnace slag (GGBFS) and rice husk ash as partial replacement to cement in the concrete production. However this
replacement levels are about 25% to 35% only. To further minimise the use of cement in construction industry,
geopolymer binders are developed. Geopolymer concrete is essentially concrete having coarse aggregate, fine
aggregate bonded with alkali activated Fly ash paste. Fly ash is activated by alkali silicate and alkali hydroxide
solution. For the fly alone to be activated by the alkali activator heat curing at 600C for about 24 hours is required. In
present investigation an attempt has been made to use class F fly ash along with GGBFS as source material to develop
alkali activated concrete which can be cured in the room temperature alone. The study includes the casting and
testing of alkali activated concrete using different proportions of source material to alkaline solution ratio, different
concentration of sodium hydroxide solution. The results indicated that the alkali activated concrete can be produced
using GGBFS and Fly ash as source materials and the curing of such concrete at room temperature alone produce
concrete of satisfactory compressive strength

Research Paper Pg. -

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Abstract: Soil is one of the nature’s most abundant construction materials. Almost all type of construction is built
with or upon the soil. Generally clayey soil has low strength. It is normally replaced with stronger soil material so as
to improve the strength but this is not advisable due to constraints. In this project the strength of soil is increased by
chemical stabilization by adding choline chloride chemical instead of replacing with stronger soil. The process of soil
stabilization refers to changing the properties of soil in order to improve its strength, durability, or other qualities. In
chemical stabilization, soil is stabilized by adding different chemicals. The main advantage of chemical stabilization is
that setting time and curing time can be controlled. Chemical stabilization includes the use of chemicals as
compaction aids to soils, as binders and water repellents, and as a means of modifying the behaviour of clay. It also
includes deep mixing and grouting. The initial strength of the soil is determined by conducting soil tests such as free
swell index, specific gravity test, sieve analysis, plastic limit, liquid limit, shrinkage limit, IS Heavy compaction test
and unconfined compression strength tests. The results obtained are then compared with the soil treated with 0.3%,
0.5%, 0.7% and 0.9% choline chloride (from reference 1).

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Abstract: The process in which the response of the soil influences the motion of the structure and the motion of the
structure influences the response of the soil is known as Soil structure interaction (SSI). SSI has been generally
ignored while designing the structures. However in high rise structures the effects of SSI have to be considered. This
paper presents the introduction of SSI, the Review of Literature and Case studies on dynamic analysis using different
softwares. SAP2000 Software is the most commonly adopted software in this study area

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Abstract: Concrete is the major construction material in the construction industry. Concrete uses fine aggregate to
fill the voids between the coarse aggregates. The most commonly used fine aggregate is natural river sand. Due to the
growth of population and urbanization, there is a rapid growth in construction activity thereby consuming a lot of
sand for concrete. At the present situation, there is a huge demand for sand and natural resources which are running
low. Hence there is a need for some substitute material which must satisfy their requirement of fine aggregate. Red
soil is one such material which is available is greater quantities. Studies have been conducted on red soil which was
collected from Dhammanapet in Warangal District. This study has been performed on M25 grade concrete using OPC
53-grade cement. Tests have been performed by replacing the fine aggregate with red soil by an equal increment of
10%. This experimental study concluded that there is a decrease in compressive strength and a slight increase in the
tensile strength of concrete with a decrease in workability by the replacement of Red soil in fine aggregates. Also
beyond 40% replacement of sand with red soil, there is difficulty in the casting of concrete cubes and cylinders and
the surfaces smoothness is reduced. However, at the 20% replacement, the required strength for the mix has been
obtained. Admixtures which increase the workability of concrete are suggested to be used with the red soil for the
future study.

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Abstract: The Fibre Reinforced Bacterial Concrete is a combination of concrete matrix and embedding
bacteria in the concrete is to provide crack resistance, crack control and gives high strengths and ductility. It has been
found that FRBC added in specific percentages concrete improves mechanical properties, durability and serviceability
of structures. In this paper effect of Glass fibres in Bacterial (Bacillus Subtilis) concrete on the strength of M-25
grade have been studied by constant bacteria percentage of 0.2% of weight of cement and varying the fibre
percentages of 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%, 2.0% of weight of concrete. All the specimens were tested for a curing period of 3, 7,
14 and 28 days. The results of FRBC for 28 days curing it has been found and also durability tests on same samples
carried out for 7 days after 28 days curing period. In this study it is found that there is a significant increase in
strength and durability. And also little decrease was found in workability due to presence of fibres.

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Abstract: The goal of promoting sustainable materials in construction industries increased the interest in use of
recycled materials. One such type of recycled material which can provide sustainability towards environment is ‘waste
glass powder’ (WGP). The waste glass powder obtained from fine grinding of crushed containers and building
materials can be used as the partial replacement for cement. The present paper studied the effect of replacement of
cement by waste glass powder in terms of physical, mechanical (compressive strength, split tensile strength and
flexural strength) and durability (sorptivity) properties of self compacting concrete. The parameters of the study
include grade of concrete (M20 and M40), level of replacement of WGP (0%, 10%, 20%, 30% and 40% by weight of
cement). The study concluded that the increase in level of replacement of WGP upto 20% improved the mechanical
and durability properties.

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Abstract: Rapid urbanization in developing countries such as India is creating a shortage of adequate housing
in cities. Using artificial aggregates for quality concrete is a natural step to mitigating this problem. The worldwide
consumption of fine aggregate in concrete production is very high, and several developing countries have been
countered difficulties in meeting the supply of natural fine aggregate in order to satisfy the increasing needs of
infrastructural development in recent years. The main objective of the present investigation is to evaluate the
possibilities of using Marble dust as a replacement to fine aggregate. Present investigation aimed at to study, 0%,
10%, 20% and 30% of traditional fine aggregate was replaced with Marble dust. Compressive strengths and split
tensile strength were found after 14 days and 28 days of curing. By adding or by substitution for the cementations and
aggregate phases, the finished product can be tailored to its application with varying strength, density, or chemical
and thermal resistance properties. Water is then mixed with this dry composite, which produces a semi-liquid that
workers can shape (typically by pouring it into a form).

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Abstract: Land Use land Cover (LULC) change detection is the digital process that helps in determining the changes
associated with Land Use Land Cover properties. The earth surface is undergoing hasty land use land cover changes
due to various socioeconomic activities such as natural resource management and sustainable development. The main
aim of the study was to gain a quantitative understanding of land use and land cover changes in Warangal urban
district, Telangana, India over the time period of 2008-2016. Unsupervised classification was done using ERDAS
imagine in this study to detect land use land cover changes observed in Warangal urban district. The study area was
categorized into four major Land use Land cover classes which are vegetation, water bodies, urban built-up area and
other open lands of Warangal urban district. Change detection analysis and LULC maps were executed using QGIS
to compare the quantities of land cover class conversions between the time intervals 2008 and 2016. The results
revealed both increase and decrease of the different LULC classes. The major changes were taken place in open land
and others as there is high growth in urban built-up area. About 41% of the other open lands and a part of vegetation
were changed to built-up area in the period from 2008 to 2016. The area of built-up is increased from 12163 to 39247
ha which is about 223% over the period of 2008 to 2016. In addition to this, areas under vegetation were decreased
from 74814 ha to 65221 ha which is about 13% and water bodies were decreased from 4944 ha to 3562 ha which is
about 28%. The reasons for the change detection were also discussed.

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Abstract: Groundwater is a major source of drinking for rural and urban areas, in addition to surface water.
Human and industrial activities are deteriorating the groundwater quantity and quality, which is a serious issue these
days. Analysis of groundwater quality thus attained significance in order to preserve and perfect the eco-system.
Determining the groundwater quality index (GWQI) is an analytical technique which can be adopted to get a clear
picture of extent of groundwater pollution. The present work is aimed at assessing the groundwater quality for the city
of Warangal, Telangana by determining the GWQI. For this purpose, samples of groundwater were collected from 11
different locations spreading across the city, in the month of December, 2018. To calculate the GWQI, the following
12 groundwater quality parameters have been considered: pH, Alkalinity (AL), Total Solids (TS), Hardness, Chlorides
(Cl), Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Fluoride (F), Sodium (Na), Calcium (Ca), Magnesium (Mg), Potassium (K) and
Electrical Conductivity (EC) for both pre monsoon and post monsoon period. Most of the parameters were not found
to be in the desirable range for the purpose of drinking. The GWQI of samples from 11 locations was found to be
ranging from 136.7 to 412.5 during post monsoon period, indicating poor, very poor and unsuitability of groundwater
for drinking purpose. For pre monsoon period, GWQI values were found to be ranging from 85.98 to 295.02
representing that only 3 locations are of good ground water quality and remaining locations are with poor quality.
Also the samples collected during Pre-monsoon were analyzed for Heavy Metal Pollution Index (HPI) and the values
were found to be ranging from 0.07 to 94.48 indicating the traces of heavy metals and its significant effect on ground
water quality.This analysis revealed that, the groundwater in locations from industrial areas is highly contaminated
and found to be unsuitable for drinking. Remaining 75% of samples from the area are also found to be poor in quality
where certain amount of treatment before consumption is must.

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Abstract: A ceramic material is an inorganic, non-metallic, often crystalline oxide, nitride or carbide material. Some
elements, such as carbon or silicon, may be considered ceramics. Ceramic materials are brittle, hard, strong in
compression, and weak in shearing and tension. They withstand chemical erosion that occurs in other materials
subjected to acidic or caustic environments. Ceramics generally can withstand very high temperatures, ranging from
1,000 °C to 1,600 °C (1,800 °F to 3,000 °F). Glass is often not considered a ceramic because of its amorphous (non
crystalline) character. However, glassmaking involves several steps of the ceramic process, and its mechanical
properties are similar to ceramic materials. In this context, ceramics are being used as aggregates and then these
ceramics are being replaced with aggregates by 30% of the total weight of ceramics. The tests performed are
Aggregate impact test, aggregate crushing test, aggregate abrasion test, and specific gravity and water absorption test.
The results of both the cases i.e. tests performed only on ceramics and tests performed by replacing 30% of ceramics
are compared and the appropriate conclusions are given.

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Abstract: Street mishaps are a main source of death of youngsters between the ages of 10 – 24 during the street
crossing. This paper presents the results of design of subway for the pedestrians who is crossing the considered stretch
from Attapur to tolichowki main road towards mehdipatnam. As the time passed well defined divider as well as
traffic signals are came to existence but somewhere alternative is required to overcome these problems so we planned
to develop subway at mehdipatnam zone for pedestrian crossing .we used manual survey to generate traffic analysis at
mehdipatnam in both directions (i.e towards Gachibowli and koti.) For designing the subway we used “CUT AND
COVER METHOD” to develop the project. The design of subway is done by considering present pedestrian traffic
and also the future trend in increase of pedestrian volume count in this regard we recommend this as the present
existing provisions for pedestrians cannot be expanded or developed due to the increase vehicular traffic in the
considered area of study.

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Abstract: The infrastructure system is one of the main investment to every modern society for their economic and
social development, so demand for concrete is more and it is extensively used material for all construction activities.
There are different materials which are locally accessible and furthermore practical to acquire the best possible
quality of the concrete in development. By this significant demand for natural resources like sand etc., are consuming
day by day and heavy releases of carbon dioxide gas in cement manufacturing process, so in the recent years, global
warming and ecological and economical issues have become major problems. There is a need to identify suitable
alternatives for the production of Concrete. The use of industrial waste materials for concrete production has become
the latest trend in the research and construction industry. In this study an attempt has been made with a M20 grade
concrete. Experimental study is conducted to evaluate the mechanical properties of hardened concrete. Properties of
concrete have been assessed by partially replacing cement with Fly-Ash and sand with waste foundry sand. The
cement has been replaced by Fly-Ash in the range of 10%, 30% and 50% by weight of cement. The sand has been
completely replaced by Waste foundry sand. Concrete cubes were casted and tested after 7 days and 28 days of curing
period.

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Abstract: The present paper provides watershed delineation associated with the watershed of Pakhal lake which is
located near Narsampet, Warangal Rural District, Telangana, India. Watershed is a natural hydrological entity which
allows surface run-off to a defined channel, drainage, stream or river at a particular point. The input data used for
this analysis is downloaded from Open Data Archive SRTM 1 Arc second global of United States Geological Survey,
USGS website. It has horizontal resolution of one arc-second (approximately 30m). There are four DEM (Digital
Elevation Models) files which are covering the watershed of the Pakhal lake, initially these DEM files are merged into
mosaic raster by raster dataset tools in ArcGIS. The merged file is then delineated using ArcGIS Hydrology tools. The
outlet point is considered for the separation of watershed of Pakhal lake from other watersheds that are covered by the
four DEM files. The delineation of watershed has provided fill, flow direction, flow accumulation, generating basins,
basin selection, basin to polygon, stream networking of the watershed of Pakhal lake.

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Abstract: The aim of project is to Estimate Crop Evapotranspiration (ETc) using Remote Sensing & GIS for
Laknavaram catchment area, Jayashankar Bhupalpally district, Telangana. Evapotranspiration is the important
component in hydrological cycle and it is a basic factor to compute water balance in order to estimate its requirements
and availability. In this project Crop coefficient method is used to estimate Actual ET for the laknavaram catchment
area by using RS & GIS. Crop water requirements are represented by the actual crop evapotranspiration. Estimation
of crop evapotranspiration (ETc) and crop coefficient using remote-sensing data is essential for planning the
irrigation water use in arid and semiarid regions. This study focuses on estimating the crop coefficient (Kc) and crop
Evapotranspiration (ETc) using satellite data integrated with the meteorological data and FAO-56 approach. This
study compute ET obtained from the satellite with other various empirical standards. In this project, Crop coefficient
method includes computing Net Radiation and soil heat flux to estimate ET. The result show that the values of ET in
built up areas are low when compared with the vegetation & water surface. These processes to estimate ET are
efficient and accurate.

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Abstract: Geopolymer concrete is a new type of concrete which is a new development in the world of concrete in
which cement is totally replaced by GGBS, Flyash and Geo activator solution is to act as binder in the concrete
mix.An attempt was made to achieve desire strength and durability In source of material 100%GGBS, 75%GGBS &
25%Flyash, 50%GGBS & 50%Flyash With different activator to binding materials ratio i.e, for the 1:1.3:3.1 mix
proportions. The test specimens where 100×100×100mm cubes ,100mm×200mm cylinders prepared and ambient
temperature curing conditions. The Geopolymer concrete specimens are tested for their compressive strength at the
age of 28 days. The Geopolymer concrete mix formulations vth compressive strength ranging from 30-72Mpa have
been developed. The test result indicates that the combination of Flyash & GGBS can be used for development of
Geopolymer concrete.

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Abstract: concrete is the most widely used construction material in civil engineering Industry because of its high
structural strength and stability. The concrete industry is constantly looking for supplementary cementations material
with the objective of reducing the solid waste disposal problem. Ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) and
cow dung ash (CDA) are among the solid wastes. To overcome from this Crisis, partial replacement of cement by
GGBS and CDA can be an economic alternative. The experiments were designed to study the effect of adding GGBS
and in various percentages by weights 20%,30%&40% of cement and cure for the Periods of 3,7,14&28 days
respectively before testing for the compressive strength of concrete. In our project 56 cubes are casted for the
compressive strength of the concrete.

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Abstract: Concrete is the most used construction material in the civil engineering and it is the world’s most consumable
product next to water. The Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) is one of the main ingredients used for the production of
concrete. Unfortunately, production of cement involves emission of large amount of carbon dioxide gas into the
atmosphere, a major contributor for the greenhouse effect and global warming. Large scale production of cement is
causing environmental problems. Many efforts are being made to reduce the use of Portland cement in construction.
These efforts include the utilization of supplementary cementitious materials in place of Portland cement. In this present
work cement has been replaced with Fly ash (FA), Silica fume (SF) & GGBS by the weight of cement by keeping constant
percentages of cement at 50% and SF at 10% for M30 mix. The properties studied are 7 days & 28 days Compressive
strength, Split tensile strength and Flexural strength and compared with the conventional concrete by maintaining a
water-cement ratio of 0.45 for each mix. The results indicate that the incorporation of various cementitious materials (FA,
SF & GGBS) in concrete rendered less strength when compared to conventional concrete. The individual results of mix
M-3 (OPC 50%, SF 10%, FA 10% & GGBS 30%) & mix M-4 (OPC 50%, SF 10%, FA 15% & GGBS 25%) have achieved
M30standards.

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Abstract: Concrete is the most used construction material. The present trend in concrete technology is towards
increasing the strength and durability of concrete to meet the demands of modern construction. Basalt fiber is
considered a promising new material. It has good strength characteristics, resistance to chemical attack, sound
insulation properties. It has a wide range of applications like soil strengthening, construction of bridges, highways,
industrial floors. In this experiment, various proportions of basalt fibers are added with percentages 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3,
0.4, and 0.5%. In this experiment, we study the mechanical properties of Basalt fiber reinforced concrete. All the
specimens were cured for 28days. The addition of fly ash shows long-term strength. It was found that the ternary
system that is ordinary concrete Portland cement, fly ash, basalt fiber increases the mechanical properties of
concrete at all ages compared to concrete made with fly ash and basalt fiber.

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Abstract: This article presents the results of an experimental study conducted to evaluate the mechanical
properties of a high strength concrete with alccofine. High strength concrete is manufactured by partially replacing
cement with alccofine and fly ash. In this study, fly ash was used in a constant proportion of 20% and alccofine at 0, 6,
8, 10, 12 and 14% by weight of cement. The proportions of the concrete mix had a constant binder/water ratio of 0.25
and a superplasticizer was added depending on the degree of workability required. The concrete samples were cured in
normal wet curing at normal atmospheric temperature. The results indicate that concrete manufactured with these
proportions generally has excellent hardening and freshness properties since the combination is somewhat synergistic.
The addition of Alccofine shows an initial property of strength gain and that of fly ash a long-term resistance. It has
been found that the ternary system consisting of ordinary Portland concrete, fly ash and alccofine, increases the
mechanical properties of concrete at any age compared to concrete made with fly ash and Alccofine alone.

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Abstract: The present paper describes the use of magnetic water concrete with magnetic water of varying
intensities subjected to different durations of time. The magnetized water in the cement matrix behaves as a main
property which reduces the salinity in water. It also increases the strength because the magnetic water is used for
casting and curing. The voids in the concrete get reduced due to the heat of hydration(less surface area). Magnetic
water obtained from different intensities with 0.2T,0.4T, 0.6T magnetic water casting for 12hours,24hours normal
curing (28 days) , and also magnetic water casting with magnetic water curing for 12hours, 24 hours (28 days) on the
structural properties such as compressive strength , split tensile strength , flexural strength test. The replacement of
portable water with magnetic water rapidly increases the compressive strength of concrete. The magnetic water curing
promoting hydration of cement by controlling the temperature and moisture in this study it is found that the magnetic
water does not mean that water has been acquired magnetic strength but it has also been subjected to the magnetic
field.